A Simple Assessing Method for Screening Prevalence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (The Thief of Womanhood) and Emotional Distress in Female Students at Northern Border University (NBU) in Arar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine condition which is caused due to disturbance in hormonal balances. There are more than one influencing factors that can lead to cause of PCOS. Yet, there are few reports that have fully elucidated the connection of conventional factors linked with PCOS so far. Aim and objectives: 1. To study the prevalence of risk factors associated with PCOS among female students of NBU, Arar, KSA. 2. To study the correlation between emotional distress and associated risk factors of PCOS among female students of NBU. 3. To create the awareness of PCOS and its associated risk factors among female students of NBU. Material and methods: The Northern Border University female students those were willing to participate were selected to enroll in our study. A pre-validated self-structured questionnaire was used as a tool for the collection of the data. Students were grouped into two viz PCOS-group and non-PCOS-group founded on criteria’s given by NIH (National Institutes of Health Criteria). As per this criteria diagnosis of PCOS is established founded on incidence of both chronic anovulation (ANOVU) characterized by occurrence of vaginal bleeding for more than 35 days gaps or 8 cycles/year to understand absence of menstruation and clinical hyperandrogenism (CH). CH is defined as the occurrence of acne, androgenic alopecia, acanthosis and hirsutism. Conclusion: Students recognized with linked risk factors for PCOS were guided and counseled to have complete investigations done including radiological and hormonal assays for confirming diagnosis and starting treatment.

Sudden death during sport activities: A malaysian perspective.

This is a retrospective study of sports related deaths on the human bodies brought for autopsy in the last 10 years (from 1995-2005) at University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur. The objective of this study was to know the cause of death, manner of death, ethnicity, food habits, timings of incident, number of cases and other related information like history of metabolic disorders or any other underlying diseases. All cases were analyzed in relation to age, gender, race, causes of death, type of sport activities and victim’s profile. The present study included those subjects who had died either during playing or immediately after it. Our results showed the most common age group affected in such sports related sudden deaths to be ranging between 40 – 49 years and the least affected were between 0 – 9 years of age. Out of 44 cases reanalyzed, 33 were male and1 was female. Among the ethnic group, most of the subjects were Chinese (45.45 %) followed by Malays (20.45%). This study also showed that 80% of the deaths were caused by ischemic heart disease IHD (50%) or coronary heart disease CAD (30%). Deaths were seen to be more in the subjects above 30 years of age which could be associated with the associated risk factors related to ageing. A significant number of deaths were observed while playing badminton and jogging. No serious need for mass screening was felt as the numbers of cases each year were not significant and they were isolated incidents. Although, there are few basic preventive measures like cardiac screening , lipid profile, avoidance of stressful working conditions which can be easily adopted to decrease loss of life. Incidence may decrease with recreational and health maintaining activities, but absolute prevention may still not be possible.

Tuberculous splenic abscess--a case report and review of literature.

Splenic abscess due to tuberculosis is a rare condition and is mostly diagnosed in immuno-compromised hosts. A case of tuberculous splenic abscess detected incidentally after splenectomy without any underlying disease is reported in an immuno-competent patient.

Pure red cell aplasia--report of 11 cases from eastern Nepal.

There were eleven cases of pure red cell aplasia diagnosed over a period of 2 years (January 2000-December 2001). All the patients had anemia with pallor and weakness being the presenting complaints. Hematological profile depicted normocytic normochromic anemia, reticulocytopenia and marked paucity of erythroid precursors on bone marrow aspiration and biopsy studies. In the present study, one case was of congenital pure red cell aplasia, in one other case of pyrexia of unknown origin, no definitive diagnosis could be made. Other associated diseases seen with pure red cell aplasia were thymoma, septicemia, protein energy malnutrition, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, acute myeloid leukemia, tuberculosis and hepatitis C. The association of pure red cell aplasia with haematologic malignancies is rare. There are very few case reports on pure red cell aplasia with hepatitis C.

Microcystic papillary adenoma of the nose: a case report.

Microcystic papillary adenoma of nose is rarely seen in nose. This case is reported because of its rarity and to best our knowledge is a first case report from Nepal.

Incidence of pelvic and extrapelvic endometriosis in Eastern region of Nepal.

Endometriosis is described as the presence of endometrial glands or stroma in abnormal locations outside the uterus. It afflicts 10% women of childbearing age. A 5-year retrospective analysis of histopathologically proven cases of endometriosis was done. Haematoxylin and Eosin stained slides were reviewed for type of lining epithelium, endometrial glands, stroma, fresh and old hemorrhage & inflammatory cells. Clinical details were analyzed. Age of the patient ranged from 22 - 48 years. The most common site of endometriosis was ovaries (69.23%) followed by scars (11.43%), cervix (7.69%), fallopian tube (3.84%), vagina (3.84%) and appendix (3.84%) in descending order of frequency. Most common symptom was pain. On ultrasound and X-ray diagnosis could not be made in any case. Clinically endometriosis was diagnosed in 9 (34.62%) cases. On histopathological examination majority of the cases (42.3%) had endometrial glands, stroma and hemosiderin laden macrophages. 3 cases (11.43%) had endometrial lining epithelium and stroma only, which on laproscopy also were diagnosed to have endometriosis. It was concluded that high rate of surgical excision of organs were done because of misdiagnosis.